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The pavers are then dropped into the sand layer. The sand layer is placed compacted and screeded to the desired height. The sand layer (meeting ASTM C 33 or CSA A23.1 (coarse, clean masonry sand) can range in thickness from one- to two-inch thickness. Next, the sand layer is used to bed the pavers. In addition, the aggregate base facilitates water run-off and drainage. This base layer serves as the support for the sand set paving system.įigure 1: High-performance polymeric paving sand used in the joints of this installation these paving sands come in various colors to compliment any architectural design. Pedestrian traffic areas generally require four to six inches of the aggregate base. For example, heavy vehicular traffic will require eight to 12 inches of the aggregate base. This layer can be adjusted, depending on how robust the setting system is intended to be. The aggregate layer is then “rough screeded” to get the level of this layer close to the design level. Next, a layer of aggregate (3/4-inch) is placed and compacted well over the soil (up to 95 percent of standard Proctor density as specified in ASTM D-698 or to ASTM D 1557 for areas subjected to vehicular traffic). A geotextile drainage layer can be placed over the soil to help facilitate drainage. The installation starts with grading and compacting the soil under the pavers. The setting system can be altered, depending on the level of traffic that will be exposed to the installation system. Sand set pavers have the lowest initial cost of the three options. The following is a comparative analysis of the three methods: A specifier will need to make an informed decision concerning the area of use and the amount of long-term maintenance that will be required for each of the systems. There are advantages and disadvantages to the three methods. Type III – for areas that expect low pedestrian traffic – residential floors and patiosįor more information on brick pavers and various setting methods, consult the Brick Industry Association, There are three basic types of setting options for these types of pavers in demanding traffic bearing applications:.Type II – for areas that expect intermediate pedestrian traffic – residential sidewalks and driveways.
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Type I – for areas that expect extensive abrasion – sidewalks, driveways in public areas.Class MX – exposed to water but not freezing.Class SX – exposed to water and freezing.Heavy vehicular paving brick – meeting ASTM C1272 (heavy commercial vehicular – minimum 3 1/8 inches thickness).Light traffic paving brick – meeting ASTM C902 (pedestrian and residential vehicular – minimum.Pedestrian paving brick – meeting ASTM C 902 (pedestrian – minimum.For the purposes of this comparison, the most common type – brick paving – will be featured.īrick pavers should be specified to perform in the intended application according to the following industry standards: These pavers are durable, offer many patterns and design options, are able to withstand vehicular traffic and maintain their integrity in demanding exterior freeze/thaw climates. October 2014 Pavers Do It Right: Brick Paver Installation Methodsīrick, concrete, permeable, interlocking and stone pavers are popular paving options for exterior plazas, walkways, driveways and mass transit applications.